肠道微生物稳定性与运动员在饮食周期中更高的耐力表现相关
2022-05-30 18:17:47
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肠道微生物稳定性与运动员在饮食周期中更高的耐力表现相关
2022-05-17, doi:10.1128/msystems.00129-22 [IF:6.496]
ABSTRACT
Dietary
manipulation with high-protein or high-carbohydrate content are
frequently employed during elite athletic training, aiming to enhance
athletic performance. Such interventions are likely to impact upon gut
microbial content. This study explored the impact of acute high-protein
or high-carbohydrate diets on measured endurance performance and
associated gut microbial community changes. In a cohort of well-matched,
highly trained endurance runners, we measured performance outcomes, as
well as gut bacterial, viral (FVP), and bacteriophage (IV) communities
in a double-blind, repeated-measures design randomized control trial
(RCT) to explore the impact of dietary intervention with either
high-protein or high-carbohydrate content. High-dietary carbohydrate
improved time-trial performance by +6.5% (P < 0.03) and was associated with expansion of Ruminococcus and Collinsella bacterial spp. Conversely, high dietary protein led to a reduction in performance by −23.3% (P = 0.001). This impact was accompanied by significantly reduced diversity (IV: P = 0.04) and altered composition (IV and FVP: P = 0.02) of the gut phageome as well as enrichment of both free and inducible Sk1virus and Leuconostoc
bacterial populations. Greatest performance during dietary modification
was observed in participants with less substantial shifts in community
composition. Gut microbial stability during acute dietary periodization
was associated with greater athletic performance in this highly trained,
well-matched cohort. Athletes, and those supporting them, should be
mindful of the potential consequences of dietary manipulation on gut
flora and implications for performance, and periodize appropriately.
【主编推荐语】这是一份发表在mSystems上的工作。作者主要聚焦于目前运动员常用的周期性饮食策略，即体能训练期间低碳水高蛋白饮食，提升适应性，比赛期间高碳水饮食，提升运动表现。但周期性饮食与肠道菌群、病毒组、噬菌体组和运动表现之间的关系尚未阐明。这份工作通过招募耐力跑队员，分别进行高碳水化合物饮食（HCD）和高蛋白饮食（HPD），并测试其运动表现和肠道微生物组、病毒组和噬菌体组，他们发现HCD确实可以通过瘤胃球菌和柯林斯菌属菌富集提升碳水化合物利用率，以提高运动表现，同时HPD似乎通过降低菌群多样性造成运动表现下降。在急性变化的饮食周期内，肠道微生物稳定性与运动表现正相关。提示运动员及其营养人员应注意改变饮食对运动表现和肠道菌群的潜在影响，确定饮食周期。（@Johnson）
①通过随机对照双盲试验，评估16位耐力跑运动员在高蛋白质（HPD）和高碳水化合物（HCD）饮食下的运动表现及肠道细菌、病毒和噬菌体群落之间的关系；
②HCD组力竭时间延长，与瘤胃球菌和柯林斯菌属菌富集有关；
③HPD组力竭时间减少，且肠道噬菌体组多样性降低、结构改变，Sk1病毒和明串珠菌属富集；
④急性变化的饮食周期内，肠道微生物稳定性与运动表现正相关。
